方法一、通过 dockerfile构建

创建dockerfile

首先，创建目录apache,用于存放后面的相关东西。

w3cschool@w3cschool:~$ mkdir -p  ~/apache/www ~/apache/logs ~/apache/conf 

www目录将映射为apache容器配置的应用程序目录

logs目录将映射为apache容器的日志目录

conf目录里的配置文件将映射为apache容器的配置文件

进入创建的apache目录，创建dockerfile

from debian:jessie

# add our user and group first to make sure their ids get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
#run groupadd -r www-data && useradd -r --create-home -g www-data www-data

env httpd_prefix /usr/local/apache2
env path $path:$httpd_prefix/bin
run mkdir -p "$httpd_prefix" \
	&& chown www-data:www-data "$httpd_prefix"
workdir $httpd_prefix

# install httpd runtime dependencies
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html#requirements
run apt-get update \
	&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
		libapr1 \
		libaprutil1 \
		libaprutil1-ldap \
		libapr1-dev \
		libaprutil1-dev \
		libpcre++0 \
		libssl1.0.0 \
	&& rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/*

env httpd_version 2.4.20
env httpd_bz2_url https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-$httpd_version.tar.bz2

run builddeps=' \
		ca-certificates \
		curl \
		bzip2 \
		gcc \
		libpcre++-dev \
		libssl-dev \
		make \
	' \
	set -x \
	&& apt-get update \
	&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $builddeps \
	&& rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
	\
	&& curl -fsl "$httpd_bz2_url" -o httpd.tar.bz2 \
	&& curl -fsl "$httpd_bz2_url.asc" -o httpd.tar.bz2.asc \
# see https://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#verify
	&& export gnupghome="$(mktemp -d)" \
	&& gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys a93d62ecc3c8ea12db220ec934ea76e6791485a8 \
	&& gpg --batch --verify httpd.tar.bz2.asc httpd.tar.bz2 \
	&& rm -r "$gnupghome" httpd.tar.bz2.asc \
	\
	&& mkdir -p src \
	&& tar -xvf httpd.tar.bz2 -c src --strip-components=1 \
	&& rm httpd.tar.bz2 \
	&& cd src \
	\
	&& ./configure \
		--prefix="$httpd_prefix" \
		--enable-mods-shared=reallyall \
	&& make -j"$(nproc)" \
	&& make install \
	\
	&& cd .. \
	&& rm -r src \
	\
	&& sed -ri \
		-e 's!^(\s*customlog)\s+\s+!\1 /proc/self/fd/1!g' \
		-e 's!^(\s*errorlog)\s+\s+!\1 /proc/self/fd/2!g' \
		"$httpd_prefix/conf/httpd.conf" \
	\
	&& apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $builddeps

copy httpd-foreground /usr/local/bin/

expose 80
cmd ["httpd-foreground"]

dockerfile文件中 copy httpd-foreground /usr/local/bin/ 是将当前目录下的httpd-foreground拷贝到镜像里，作为httpd服务的启动脚本，所以我们要在本地创建一个脚本文件httpd-foreground

#!/bin/bash
set -e

# apache gets grumpy about pid files pre-existing
rm -f /usr/local/apache2/logs/httpd.pid

exec httpd -dforeground

赋予httpd-foreground文件可执行权限

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ chmod +x httpd-foreground

通过dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker build -t httpd .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker images httpd
repository     tag        image id        created           size
httpd          latest     da1536b4ef14    23 seconds ago    195.1 mb

方法二、docker pull httpd

查找docker hub上的httpd镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker search httpd
name                           description                  stars  official automated
httpd                          the apache http server ..    524     [ok]       
centos/httpd                                                7                [ok]
rgielen/httpd-image-php5       docker image for apache...   1                [ok]
microwebapps/httpd-frontend    httpd frontend allowing...   1                [ok]
lolhens/httpd                  apache httpd 2 server        1                [ok]
publici/httpd                  httpd:latest                 0                [ok]
publicisworldwide/httpd        the apache httpd webser...   0                [ok]
rgielen/httpd-image-simple     docker image for simple...   0                [ok]
solsson/httpd                  derivatives of the offi...   0                [ok]
rgielen/httpd-image-drush      apache httpd + drupal s...   0                [ok]
learninglayers/httpd                                        0                [ok]
sohrabkhan/httpd               docker httpd + php5.6 (...   0                [ok]
aintohvri/docker-httpd         apache httpd docker ext...   0                [ok]
alizarion/httpd                httpd on centos with mo...   0                [ok]
...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker pull httpd

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到repository为httpd的镜像。

使用apache镜像

运行容器

docker run -p 80:80 -v $pwd/www/:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ -v $pwd/conf/httpd.conf:/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf -v $pwd/logs/:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ -d httpd

命令说明：

-p 80:80 :将容器的80端口映射到主机的80端口

-v $pwd/www/:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ :将主机中当前目录下的www目录挂载到容器的/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/

-v $pwd/conf/httpd.conf:/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf :将主机中当前目录下的conf/httpd.conf文件挂载到容器的/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

-v $pwd/logs/:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ :将主机中当前目录下的logs目录挂载到容器的/usr/local/apache2/logs/

查看容器启动情况

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker ps
container id  image   command             ... ports               names
79a97f2aac37  httpd   "httpd-foreground"  ... 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp  sharp_swanson

通过浏览器访问