方法一、通过 dockerfile构建

创建dockerfile

首先，创建目录nginx,用于存放后面的相关东西。

w3cschool@w3cschool:~$ mkdir -p ~/nginx/www ~/nginx/logs ~/nginx/conf

www目录将映射为nginx容器配置的虚拟目录

logs目录将映射为nginx容器的日志目录

conf目录里的配置文件将映射为nginx容器的配置文件

进入创建的nginx目录，创建dockerfile

from debian:jessie

maintainer nginx docker maintainers "docker-maint@nginx.com"

env nginx_version 1.10.1-1~jessie

run apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu:80 --recv-keys 573bfd6b3d8fbc641079a6ababf5bd827bd9bf62 \
        && echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ jessie nginx" >> /etc/apt/sources.list \
        && apt-get update \
        && apt-get install --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests -y \
                                                ca-certificates \
                                                nginx=${nginx_version} \
                                                nginx-module-xslt \
                                                nginx-module-geoip \
                                                nginx-module-image-filter \
                                                nginx-module-perl \
                                                nginx-module-njs \
                                                gettext-base \
        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# forward request and error logs to docker log collector
run ln -sf /dev/stdout /var/log/nginx/access.log \
        && ln -sf /dev/stderr /var/log/nginx/error.log

expose 80 443

cmd ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

通过dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字

docker build -t nginx .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker images nginx
repository          tag                 image id            created             size
nginx               latest              555bbd91e13c        3 days ago          182.8 mb

方法二、docker pull nginx

查找docker hub上的nginx镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker search nginx
name                      description                                     stars     official   automated
nginx                     official build of nginx.                        3260      [ok]       
jwilder/nginx-proxy       automated nginx reverse proxy for docker c...   674                  [ok]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm   container running nginx + php-fpm capable ...   207                  [ok]
million12/nginx-php       nginx + php-fpm 5.5, 5.6, 7.0 (ng), centos...   67                   [ok]
maxexcloo/nginx-php       docker framework container with nginx and ...   57                   [ok]
webdevops/php-nginx       nginx with php-fpm                              39                   [ok]
h3nrik/nginx-ldap         nginx web server with ldap/ad, ssl and pro...   27                   [ok]
bitnami/nginx             bitnami nginx docker image                      19                   [ok]
maxexcloo/nginx           docker framework container with nginx inst...   7                    [ok]
...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker pull nginx

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到repository为nginx的镜像。

使用nginx镜像

运行容器

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker run -p 80:80 --name mynginx -v $pwd/www:/www -v $pwd/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v $pwd/logs:/wwwlogs  -d nginx  
45c89fab0bf9ad643bc7ab571f3ccd65379b844498f54a7c8a4e7ca1dc3a2c1e
w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$

命令说明：

• -p 80:80：将容器的80端口映射到主机的80端口

• --name mynginx：将容器命名为mynginx

• -v $pwd/www:/www：将主机中当前目录下的www挂载到容器的/www

• -v $pwd/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf：将主机中当前目录下的nginx.conf挂载到容器的/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

• -v $pwd/logs:/wwwlogs：将主机中当前目录下的logs挂载到容器的/wwwlogs

查看容器启动情况

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker ps
container id        image        command                      ports                         names
45c89fab0bf9        nginx        "nginx -g 'daemon off"  ...  0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp   mynginx
f2fa96138d71        tomcat       "catalina.sh run"       ...  0.0.0.0:81->8080/tcp          tomcat

通过浏览器访问