前面几篇文章已经讲到了mybatis与spring 的集成。目前主流的web mvc框架,除了struts这个主力外,还有spring mvc,主要是由于 spring mvc 配置比较简单,使用起来也十分明了,非常灵活,与spring 集成较好,对 restful api 的支持也比 struts 要好。所以spring mvc在一定程度上有一定的优势。
mybatis是ibatis的升级版,作为hibernate的老对手,它是一个可以自定义sql、存储过程和高级映射的持久层框架。
与hibernate 的主要区别就是 mybatis 是半自动化的,而 hibernate 是全自动的,所以当应用需求越来越复杂的时候,自动化的 sql 显得比较笨拙。
经常搭框架的人应该都清楚,框架搭建的核心就是配置文件。
在这里我们需要创建 web 工程。今天将直接用 mybatis与spring mvc 的方式集成起来,源码在本文结尾处下载.主要有以下几个方面的配置。
整个mybatis与spring mvc 示例要完成的步骤如下:
1、示例功能描述
2、创建工程
3、数据库表结构及数据记录
4、实例对象
5、配置文件
6、测试执行,输出结果
在本示例中,需要使用 mybatis和spring mvc整合完成这样的一个简单功能,即指定一个用户(id=1),查询出这个用户关联的所有订单。
在本示例中,用到两个表:用户表和订单表,其结构和数据记录如下:
create table `user` (
`id` int(10) unsigned not null auto_increment,
`username` varchar(64) not null default '',
`mobile` varchar(16) not null default '',
primary key (`id`)
) engine=innodb auto_increment=3 default charset=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- records of user
-- ----------------------------
insert into `user` values ('1', 'h3', '13838009988');
insert into `user` values ('2', 'saya', '13838009988');
订单表结构和数据如下:
create table `order` (
`order_id` int(10) unsigned not null auto_increment,
`user_id` int(10) unsigned not null default '0',
`order_no` varchar(16) not null default '',
`money` float(10,2) unsigned default '0.00',
primary key (`order_id`)
) engine=innodb auto_increment=17 default charset=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- records of order
-- ----------------------------
insert into `order` values ('1', '1', '1509289090', '99.90');
insert into `order` values ('2', '1', '1519289091', '290.80');
insert into `order` values ('3', '1', '1509294321', '919.90');
insert into `order` values ('4', '1', '1601232190', '329.90');
insert into `order` values ('5', '1', '1503457384', '321.00');
insert into `order` values ('6', '1', '1598572382', '342.00');
insert into `order` values ('7', '1', '1500845727', '458.00');
insert into `order` values ('8', '1', '1508458923', '1200.00');
insert into `order` values ('9', '1', '1504538293', '2109.00');
insert into `order` values ('10', '1', '1932428723', '5888.00');
insert into `order` values ('11', '1', '2390423712', '3219.00');
insert into `order` values ('12', '1', '4587923992', '123.00');
insert into `order` values ('13', '1', '4095378812', '421.00');
insert into `order` values ('14', '1', '9423890127', '678.00');
insert into `order` values ('15', '1', '7859213249', '7689.00');
insert into `order` values ('16', '1', '4598450230', '909.20');
用户表和订单表分别对应两个实例对象,分别是:user.java 和 order.java,它们都在 com.h3.pojo 包中。
user.java代码内容如下:
package com.h3.pojo;
import java.util.list;
/**
* @describe: user
* @author: h3
* @version: v1.0
* @copyright http://www.h3.com
*/
public class user {
private int id;
private string username;
private string mobile;
public int getid() {
return id;
}
public void setid(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public string getusername() {
return username;
}
public void setusername(string username) {
this.username = username;
}
public string getmobile() {
return mobile;
}
public void setmobile(string mobile) {
this.mobile = mobile;
}
}
order.java代码内容如下:
package com.h3.pojo;
/**
* @describe: user - 订单
* @author: h3
* @version: v1.0
* @copyright http://www.h3.com
*/
public class order {
private int orderid;
private string orderno;
private float money;
private int userid;
private user user;
public int getuserid() {
return userid;
}
public void setuserid(int userid) {
this.userid = userid;
}
public int getorderid() {
return orderid;
}
public void setorderid(int orderid) {
this.orderid = orderid;
}
public user getuser() {
return user;
}
public void setuser(user user) {
this.user = user;
}
public string getorderno() {
return orderno;
}
public void setorderno(string orderno) {
this.orderno = orderno;
}
public float getmoney() {
return money;
}
public void setmoney(float money) {
this.money = money;
}
}
这个实例中有三个重要的配置文件,它们分别是:applicationcontext.xml , configuration.xml 以及 usermaper.xml。
applicationcontext.xml 配置文件里最主要的配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemalocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd"
default-autowire="byname" default-lazy-init="false">
<!--本示例采用dbcp连接池,应预先把dbcp的jar包复制到工程的lib目录下。 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/config/database.properties" />
<bean id="datasource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.basicdatasource"
destroy-method="close" p:driverclassname="com.mysql.jdbc.driver"
p:url="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/h3?characterencoding=utf8"
p:username="root" p:password="" p:maxactive="10" p:maxidle="10">
</bean>
<bean id="transactionmanager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.datasourcetransactionmanager">
<property name="datasource" ref="datasource" />
</bean>
<bean id="sqlsessionfactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.sqlsessionfactorybean">
<!--datasource属性指定要用到的连接池-->
<property name="datasource" ref="datasource" />
<!--configlocation属性指定mybatis的核心配置文件-->
<property name="configlocation" value="classpath:config/configuration.xml" />
<!-- 所有配置的mapper文件 -->
<property name="mapperlocations" value="classpath*:com/h3/mapepr/*.xml" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.mapperscannerconfigurer">
<property name="basepackage" value="com.h3.maper" />
</bean>
</beans>
配置文件 configuration.xml 的内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!doctype configuration public "-//mybatis.org//dtd config 3.0//en"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<typealiases>
<typealias alias="user" type="com.h3.pojo.user"/>
<typealias alias="order" type="com.h3.pojo.order"/>
</typealiases>
<!-- 与spring 集成之后,这些可以完全删除,数据库连接的管理交给 spring 去管理 -->
<!--
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionmanager type="jdbc"/>
<datasource type="pooled">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mybatis?characterencoding=utf8" />
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="password"/>
</datasource>
</environment>
</environments>
-->
<!-- 这里交给sqlsessionfactory 的 mapperlocations属性去得到所有配置信息 -->
<!--
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/yihaomen/mapper/user.xml"/>
</mappers>
-->
</configuration>
usermaper.xml 用于定义查询和数据对象映射,其内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!doctype mapper public "-//mybatis.org//dtd mapper 3.0//en"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.h3.maper.usermaper">
<!-- 为了返回list 类型而定义的returnmap -->
<resultmap type="user" id="resultuser">
<id column="id" property="id" />
<result column="username" property="username" />
<result column="mobile" property="mobile" />
</resultmap>
<!-- user 联合 order 查询 方法的配置 (多对一的方式) -->
<resultmap id="resultuserorders" type="order">
<id property="orderid" column="order_id" />
<result property="orderno" column="order_no" />
<result property="money" column="money" />
<result property="userid" column="user_id" />
<association property="user" javatype="user">
<id property="id" column="id" />
<result property="username" column="username" />
<result property="mobile" column="mobile" />
</association>
</resultmap>
<select id="getuserorders" parametertype="int" resultmap="resultuserorders">
select u.*,o.* from `user` u, `order` o
where u.id=o.user_id and u.id=#{id}
</select>
<select id="getuserbyid" resultmap="resultuser" parametertype="int">
select *
from user
where id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>
package com.h3.controller;
import java.util.list;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.modelandview;
import com.h3.maper.usermaper;
import com.h3.pojo.order;
/**
* @describe: 读取一个用户下的所有订单
* @author: h3
* @version: v1.0
* @copyright http://www.h3.com
*/
// http://localhost:8080/mybatis07-spring-mvc/user/orders
@controller
@requestmapping("/user")
public class usercontroller {
@autowired
usermaper usermaper;
@requestmapping("/orders")
public modelandview listall(httpservletrequest request,httpservletresponse response){
list<order> orders=usermaper.getuserorders(1);
system.out.println("orders");
modelandview mav=new modelandview("user_orders");
mav.addobject("orders",orders);
return mav;
}
}
接下来还需要创建一个 web 页面作为结果输出,在目录 webroot/web-inf/pages 下创建一个名为 user_orders.jsp 文件,其代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageencoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>用户订单列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:foreach items="${orders}" var="order">
订单号:${order.orderno },订单总额:${order.money }<br />
</c:foreach>
</body>
</html>
然后启动 myeclipse 中的 tomcat,具体如下图所示:

注:web.xml 还需要配置一下,详细见下载代码。
在浏览器中打开网址:http://localhost:8080/mybatis07-spring-mvc/user/orders,输出结果如下图所示:

工程代码下载:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bnke8cz
jar 包下载:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bnyrj9h