Docker 安装 MySQL

方法一、通过 dockerfile构建

创建dockerfile

首先，创建目录mysql,用于存放后面的相关东西。

w3cschool@w3cschool:~$ mkdir -p ~/mysql/data ~/mysql/logs ~/mysql/conf

data目录将映射为mysql容器配置的数据文件存放路径

logs目录将映射为mysql容器的日志目录

conf目录里的配置文件将映射为mysql容器的配置文件

进入创建的mysql目录，创建dockerfile

from debian:jessie

# add our user and group first to make sure their ids get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
run groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql

# add gosu for easy step-down from root
env gosu_version 1.7
run set -x \
	&& apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates wget && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
	&& wget -o /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$gosu_version/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \
	&& wget -o /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$gosu_version/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \
	&& export gnupghome="$(mktemp -d)" \
	&& gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys b42f6819007f00f88e364fd4036a9c25bf357dd4 \
	&& gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \
	&& rm -r "$gnupghome" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \
	&& chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \
	&& gosu nobody true \
	&& apt-get purge -y --auto-remove ca-certificates wget

run mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

# fatal error: please install the following perl modules before executing /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db:
# file::basename
# file::copy
# sys::hostname
# data::dumper
run apt-get update && apt-get install -y perl pwgen --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# gpg: key 5072e1f5: public key "mysql release engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" imported
run apt-key adv --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys a4a9406876fcbd3c456770c88c718d3b5072e1f5

env mysql_major 5.6
env mysql_version 5.6.31-1debian8

run echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/debian/ jessie mysql-${mysql_major}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list

# the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn't have an explicit way to disable the mysql_install_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql)
# also, we set debconf keys to make apt a little quieter
run { \
		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ''; \
		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ''; \
		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ''; \
		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; \
	} | debconf-set-selections \
	&& apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server="${mysql_version}" && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
	&& rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
	&& chown -r mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
# ensure that /var/run/mysqld (used for socket and lock files) is writable regardless of the uid our mysqld instance ends up having at runtime
	&& chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld

# comment out a few problematic configuration values
# don't reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container
run sed -ei 's/^(bind-address|log)/#&/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf \
	&& echo 'skip-host-cache\nskip-name-resolve' | awk '{ print } $1 == "[mysqld]" && c == 0 { c = 1; system("cat") }' /etc/mysql/my.cnf > /tmp/my.cnf \
	&& mv /tmp/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf

volume /var/lib/mysql

copy docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
run ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat
entrypoint ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]

expose 3306
cmd ["mysqld"]

通过dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/mysql$ docker build -t mysql .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/mysql$ docker images |grep mysql
mysql               5.6                 2c0964ec182a        3 weeks ago         329 mb

方法二、docker pull mysql

查找docker hub上的mysql镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:/mysql$ docker search mysql
name                     description                                     stars     official   automated
mysql                    mysql is a widely used, open-source relati...   2529      [ok]       
mysql/mysql-server       optimized mysql server docker images. crea...   161                  [ok]
centurylink/mysql        image containing mysql. optimized to be li...   45                   [ok]
sameersbn/mysql                                                          36                   [ok]
google/mysql             mysql server for google compute engine          16                   [ok]
appcontainers/mysql      centos/debian based customizable mysql con...   8                    [ok]
marvambass/mysql         mysql server based on ubuntu 14.04              6                    [ok]
drupaldocker/mysql       mysql for drupal                                2                    [ok]
azukiapp/mysql           docker image to run mysql by azuki - http:...   2                    [ok]
...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为5.6

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/mysql$ docker pull mysql:5.6

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到repository为mysql,标签为5.6的镜像。

使用mysql镜像

运行容器

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/mysql$ docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mymysql -v $pwd/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf -v $pwd/logs:/logs -v $pwd/data:/mysql_data -e mysql_root_password=123456 -d mysql:5.6
21cb89213c93d805c5bacf1028a0da7b5c5852761ba81327e6b99bb3ea89930e
w3cschool@w3cschool:~/mysql$

命令说明：

-p 3306:3306：将容器的3306端口映射到主机的3306端口
-v $pwd/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf：将主机当前目录下的conf/my.cnf挂载到容器的/etc/mysql/my.cnf
-v $pwd/logs:/logs：将主机当前目录下的logs目录挂载到容器的/logs
-v $pwd/data:/mysql_data：将主机当前目录下的data目录挂载到容器的/mysql_data
-e mysql_root_password=123456：初始化root用户的密码

查看容器启动情况

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/mysql$ docker ps 
container id    image         command                  ...  ports                    names
21cb89213c93    mysql:5.6    "docker-entrypoint.sh"    ...  0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mymysql